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Dame Clara Ellen Butt, DBE (1 February 1872 – 23 January 1936), was an English contralto. Her main career was as a recitalist and concert singer. Her voice, both powerful and deep, impressed contemporary composers such as Saint-Saëns and Elgar; the latter composed a song-cycle with her in mind as soloist. Butt appeared in only two operatic productions, both of Gluck's ''Orfeo ed Euridice''. She wished to sing in Saint-Saëns' ''Samson and Delilah'' but was prevented from doing so. Later in her career she frequently appeared in recitals together with her husband, the baritone Kennerley Rumford. She made numerous recordings for the gramophone. ==Early life and career== Clara Butt was born in Southwick, Sussex, the eldest daughter of Henry Albert Butt, a sea captain, and his wife Clara ''née'' Hook.〔Kennedy, Michael. ("Butt, Dame Clara Ellen (1872–1936)" ), Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004. Online edition, January 2011, accessed 24 March 2013 〕 In 1880, the family moved to the port city of Bristol in England's West Country. Clara was educated at South Bristol High School, where her singing ability was recognised and her talent as a performer encouraged. At the request of her headmistress, she was trained by the bass Daniel Rootham (father of the composer Cyril Rootham) and joined the Bristol Festival Chorus, of which Daniel Rootham was musical director].〔 Butt won a scholarship to the Royal College of Music (RCM) in January 1890. Her voice teacher was John Henry Blower,〔Fuller Maitland J A, et al. ("Butt, Dame Clara" ), Grove Music Online, Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press, accessed 24 March 2013 〕 and her piano teacher was Marmaduke Barton.〔Leonard, p. 33〕 During her fourth year of vocal lessons at the college she spent three months studying in Paris, sponsored by Queen Victoria. She also studied in Berlin and Italy.〔 She made her professional debut on 7 December 1892 at the Royal Albert Hall in London in Sullivan's cantata ''The Golden Legend''. Three days later she appeared as Orfeo in Gluck’s ''Orfeo ed Euridice'' at the Lyceum Theatre.〔 This was an RCM production, conducted by Charles Villiers Stanford.〔"Dame Clara Butt", ''The Times'', 24 January 1936, p. 16〕 Bernard Shaw, who was then the music critic for ''The World'', wrote that she "far surpassed the utmost expectations that could reasonably be entertained", and forecast a considerable career for her.〔Shaw, p. 765〕 Butt travelled to Paris and undertook further studies with Jacques Bouhy (the teacher of two other deep-voiced female singers with international reputations, Louise Homer and Louise Kirkby Lunn). Later she polished her skills in Berlin with the famous retired soprano Etelka Gerster.〔 The French composer Camille Saint-Saëns heard her, and wanted her to study his opera ''Dalila'', but at the time the representation of biblical subjects on the British stage was forbidden, and nothing came of it.〔Leonard, pp. 66–67〕 When the law changed and the work was given at Covent Garden in 1909 the part of Delila was sung by Lunn, to Butt's disappointment.〔Leonard, p. 67〕 Butt acquired a reputation in Britain for her vocal attributes and her physical presence on the concert platform: she was 6 feet 2 inches tall.〔 She made many gramophone recordings, often accompanied by the (uncredited) pianist Lilian Bryant. Among her recordings are several of Sullivan's song "The Lost Chord";〔Buckley, Jack. ("In Search of The Lost Chord" ). MusicWeb International, accessed 2 September 2010〕 her friend Fanny Ronalds bequeathed the original manuscript of the song to her. She was primarily a concert singer; her only operatic performances were in two productions of ''Orfeo ed Euridice''. Britain's leading composer of the era, Edward Elgar, composed his song-cycle ''Sea Pictures'' for contralto and orchestra with her in mind as soloist; she sang at the first performance of the work at the Norwich Festival on 5 October 1899, with the composer conducting. Her only recording from the cycle was ''Where corals lie.'' Clara Butt's tessitura (comfortable vocal range) was remarkably wide, from C below middle C to high A(C3 – A5). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Clara Butt」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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